- Python Advanced – Databases
Talking to a database from Python. The DB-API every driver implements, parameterised queries and the injection they prevent, transactions and context managers, connection pooling, and where an ORM earns its place.
- Python – Debugging
Reading a traceback properly — it is the answer, not the noise — then `breakpoint()` and the handful of pdb commands worth knowing, logging instead of print, and the half-dozen error messages that mean something specific.
- Frontend Dev – Routing, Forms and Validation
The URL is state, and forms are where most of your users actually touch the app. Routes, nested layouts, guarded routes and the redirect-back pattern; then controlled inputs, what the browser validates for free, where validation has to be repeated on the server, and how to show a field error that came back from an API.
- Encryption and Decryption
Java's cryptography lives in javax.crypto and java.security . The single most important thing to know about it is that you should use it as little as possible: reach for a proven library or a managed service, and treat the raw API as something you need to read rather than write. This post covers…
- Spring Study Guide – REST
REST as Spring implements it. Resources, the safe and idempotent methods and why the distinction matters, status codes for each verb, @RestController versus @Controller, @RequestBody and @ResponseBody, HttpMessageConverters and how content negotiation picks one, error responses with @ControllerAdvice, and RestClient — the replacement for the RestTemplate every old answer names.